Idnr bobcat permit status
What's your timeline for study permit?
2023.05.30 22:17 Choice_Look906 What's your timeline for study permit?
I applied for a study permit and my wife also applied for an open work permit. We applied online from Italy. We sent in our applications packaged together on March 22.
The status of my study permit has been "in progress" for the background check for almost 2 weeks, although it says in GCKey that I don't need to have one. The original 10 week estimate for hearing back is approaching tomorrow.
What is everyone else's study permit timeline looking like? Do you think it's taking longer because I'm applying with my wife?
submitted by Choice_Look906 to ImmigrationCanada [link] [comments]
The status of my study permit has been "in progress" for the background check for almost 2 weeks, although it says in GCKey that I don't need to have one. The original 10 week estimate for hearing back is approaching tomorrow.
What is everyone else's study permit timeline looking like? Do you think it's taking longer because I'm applying with my wife?
2023.05.30 21:58 Hemotep_000 How to connect 3 pivot tables showing the same data for 3 different years using 1 slicer for years
Hi all,
I have data consisting of a list of tasks with the date of reception, date of completion, task category, and other criteria.
I'd like to create a dashboard with graphs illustrating the status of all tasks over the past three fiscal years. (ongoing or completed) I would like to have three fiscal years slicers that I can use to view data updates for a specific fiscal year.
I imported my data into Power Query and added three custom columns that return status based on the completion date. I wound up with three columns (one for each fiscal year) indicating ongoing or completed tasks. These columns provided me with three pivot tables containing numbers and graphs that I can filter manually, but the structure does not permit me to use a single slicer to filter ongoing and completed for all fiscal years automatically. Any idea about how to get the needed result?
submitted by Hemotep_000 to excel [link] [comments]
I have data consisting of a list of tasks with the date of reception, date of completion, task category, and other criteria.
I'd like to create a dashboard with graphs illustrating the status of all tasks over the past three fiscal years. (ongoing or completed) I would like to have three fiscal years slicers that I can use to view data updates for a specific fiscal year.
I imported my data into Power Query and added three custom columns that return status based on the completion date. I wound up with three columns (one for each fiscal year) indicating ongoing or completed tasks. These columns provided me with three pivot tables containing numbers and graphs that I can filter manually, but the structure does not permit me to use a single slicer to filter ongoing and completed for all fiscal years automatically. Any idea about how to get the needed result?
2023.05.30 21:51 caunsequent Argentina Misión 8 Report and Opportunity for LBC.v
The "Argentina Misión 8" report from the Argentina Ministry of Economy estimates that the country could be positioned in 2030 among the 10 main copper producers in the world. With its friendly mining policy and geological endowment, San Juan is positioned to take advantage of the nation's goals.
LBC.v LBCMF a junior copper explorer recently stated that they can “attest the openness of the Government in San Juan as we are currently working together with the Ministry of Mines on the permitting process.”
The last hole drilled at Esperanza was the discovery hole of surface to 232 metres of 0.74% Cu and 0.34 g/t Au. LBC said that more news from the Esperanza property is coming soon.
https://twitter.com/LiberoCoppestatus/1662173051897749505
https://preview.redd.it/gcnmodlsw03b1.png?width=1141&format=png&auto=webp&s=5e48213b15e7e2af7572183eca0734d9d81ec6c6
submitted by caunsequent to PennyStocksWatch [link] [comments]
LBC.v LBCMF a junior copper explorer recently stated that they can “attest the openness of the Government in San Juan as we are currently working together with the Ministry of Mines on the permitting process.”
The last hole drilled at Esperanza was the discovery hole of surface to 232 metres of 0.74% Cu and 0.34 g/t Au. LBC said that more news from the Esperanza property is coming soon.
https://twitter.com/LiberoCoppestatus/1662173051897749505
https://preview.redd.it/gcnmodlsw03b1.png?width=1141&format=png&auto=webp&s=5e48213b15e7e2af7572183eca0734d9d81ec6c6
2023.05.30 21:50 caunsequent Argentina Misión 8 Report and LBC.v
 | The "Argentina Misión 8" report from the Argentina Ministry of Economy estimates that the country could be positioned in 2030 among the 10 main copper producers in the world. With its friendly mining policy and geological endowment, San Juan is positioned to take advantage of the nation's goals. submitted by caunsequent to SmallCap_MiningStocks [link] [comments] LBC.v LBCMF a junior copper explorer recently stated that they can “attest the openness of the Government in San Juan as we are currently working together with the Ministry of Mines on the permitting process.” The last hole drilled at Esperanza was the discovery hole of surface to 232 metres of 0.74% Cu and 0.34 g/t Au. LBC said that more news from the Esperanza property is coming soon. https://twitter.com/LiberoCoppestatus/1662173051897749505 https://preview.redd.it/yeoqsccnw03b1.png?width=1141&format=png&auto=webp&s=d5f0743b4aa89a374b7d957d5aa2987cd9ccc695 |
2023.05.30 21:49 caunsequent Argentina Misión 8 Report and LBC.v
 | The "Argentina Misión 8" report from the Argentina Ministry of Economy estimates that the country could be positioned in 2030 among the 10 main copper producers in the world. With its friendly mining policy and geological endowment, San Juan is positioned to take advantage of the nation's goals. submitted by caunsequent to smallcapbets [link] [comments] LBC.v LBCMF a junior copper explorer recently stated that they can “attest the openness of the Government in San Juan as we are currently working together with the Ministry of Mines on the permitting process.” The last hole drilled at Esperanza was the discovery hole of surface to 232 metres of 0.74% Cu and 0.34 g/t Au. LBC said that more news from the Esperanza property is coming soon. https://twitter.com/LiberoCoppestatus/1662173051897749505 https://preview.redd.it/2rflqo1kw03b1.png?width=1141&format=png&auto=webp&s=11bed6ec28e94f9790ea6cf529ea584546ff6e9b |
2023.05.30 21:22 rockypanther Withdrawal of application
Hi folks, I am currently in my final stages of PR process, have received CoPR and waiting for the PR card. Before being approved for PR, I was holding PGWP and my spouse was working on implied status while waiting for renewal of her spousal open work permit. Now that we are approved for PR, I was wondering what happens to my spouse's OWP application which is still in "Submitted" state? Is it my obligation to inform IRCC to withdraw that application OR will it be done automatically by the system? If so, then when does this change happen? If we have to inform IRCC, then a webform would suffice or is there any other process? Lastly, will I get a refund of application fees already paid in such case?
Would love to hear from someone who had the similar scenario. Thanks in advance.
submitted by rockypanther to ImmigrationCanada [link] [comments]
Would love to hear from someone who had the similar scenario. Thanks in advance.
2023.05.30 20:15 trottingturtles Davenport building collapse: City of Davenport records website has silently altered latest inspection record (from 5/25) from PASS to FAIL
 | submitted by trottingturtles to QuadCities [link] [comments] |
2023.05.30 20:08 Sea_Literature7168 Travelling to Canada
I have applied for pr and have the aor and currently waiting on IRCC for a final response on my Pr. I also have a work permit that expires on 2024. The issue is my visa to travel is expired. Do i need to apply for new visa or i can enter Canada without it based on my status?
Thank you
submitted by Sea_Literature7168 to ImmigrationCanada [link] [comments]
Thank you
2023.05.30 19:17 Osrai Nippon visa
 | submitted by Osrai to PassportPorn [link] [comments] |
2023.05.30 19:14 lastdreamofjesus F2A drop F1 status while AOS pending
Hey! Thanks so much to this lovely community, I learned a lot and I wish everyone great success with their applications!
I just want to confirm something. I’m the spouse of a LPR. Came here as an F1 student. Genuinely wanted to study and did with great grades, unfortunately the classes aren’t what I hoped for in terms of learning, so it’s been quite disappointing but I kept going.
I now had my biometric appointment for my I-485 and got my work permit (I-765) approved the next day, very unexpectedly.
So I’m actually thinking to start working instead of spending another $5k on college in a few weeks for something that turned out to be very unhelpful in what I tried to actually learn.
I am correct in that, since my application has been received and I have my receipt number, and since I now have a work permit approved, I’m totally fine not maintaining my F1 status?
I am aware that the only danger would be that my AOS would be denied for, let’s say a mistake in the application or something, and I have no underlying status, but since my marriage is 100% legit, been happy together for 3 years, live together, bank accounts together, and we haven’t spent a day apart for three years straight, I would fight this with a lawyer as hard as I can anyways, F1 or not.
It would just give me peace of mind to have this confirmed, because I would need to pay for my next semester now, so I got to make a choice and I’d be excited to contribute by working!
Thank you!
submitted by lastdreamofjesus to USCIS [link] [comments]
I just want to confirm something. I’m the spouse of a LPR. Came here as an F1 student. Genuinely wanted to study and did with great grades, unfortunately the classes aren’t what I hoped for in terms of learning, so it’s been quite disappointing but I kept going.
I now had my biometric appointment for my I-485 and got my work permit (I-765) approved the next day, very unexpectedly.
So I’m actually thinking to start working instead of spending another $5k on college in a few weeks for something that turned out to be very unhelpful in what I tried to actually learn.
I am correct in that, since my application has been received and I have my receipt number, and since I now have a work permit approved, I’m totally fine not maintaining my F1 status?
I am aware that the only danger would be that my AOS would be denied for, let’s say a mistake in the application or something, and I have no underlying status, but since my marriage is 100% legit, been happy together for 3 years, live together, bank accounts together, and we haven’t spent a day apart for three years straight, I would fight this with a lawyer as hard as I can anyways, F1 or not.
It would just give me peace of mind to have this confirmed, because I would need to pay for my next semester now, so I got to make a choice and I’d be excited to contribute by working!
Thank you!
2023.05.30 17:06 autotldr Cannabis Opponents Spread Misinformation In Slovenia
This is the best tl;dr I could make, original reduced by 88%. (I'm a bot)
Summary Source FAQ Feedback Top keywords: cannabis#1 state#2 market#3 letter#4 Data#5
Post found in /worldnews.
NOTICE: This thread is for discussing the submission topic. Please do not discuss the concept of the autotldr bot here.
submitted by autotldr to autotldr [link] [comments]
There seems to never be controls in the collection process of government usage data to calculate for long-time cannabis consumers finally admitting to government data collectors that they consume cannabis.
A broader study conducted by researchers at Michigan State University, which involved consumption survey data from over 800,000 respondents in states where cannabis sales were permitted, also found no spike in youth cannabis usage rates.
A study in 2021 conducted by researchers in Canada found 'no significant differences' in cannabis consumption rates before and after cannabis legalization in Canada.
Again, the cannabis prohibitionists responsible for the recent letter make no genuine effort to argue that cannabis prohibition is an effective policy.
Much like cannabis prohibitionists found elsewhere in the world, such as Kevin Sabet, they do anything they can to slow down the modernization of cannabis policies because, presumably, they know that the status quo is on their side, and they don't have to move any needles.
Hopefully the citizens of Slovenia and European Commissioner for Home Affairs Ylva Johansson will see through the propaganda, and support Slovenia modernizing its cannabis policies for the sake of improved public health outcomes, as well as for the increased economic opportunities that sensible cannabis policies create.
Post found in /worldnews.
NOTICE: This thread is for discussing the submission topic. Please do not discuss the concept of the autotldr bot here.
2023.05.30 17:06 thinkingstranger May 29, 2023
https://heathercoxrichardson.substack.com/p/may-29-2023
Beginning in 1943, the War Department published a series of pamphlets for U.S. Army personnel in the European theater of World War II. Titled Army Talks, the series was designed “to help [the personnel] become better-informed men and women and therefore better soldiers.”
On March 24, 1945, the topic for the week was “FASCISM!”
“You are away from home, separated from your families, no longer at a civilian job or at school and many of you are risking your very lives,” the pamphlet explained, “because of a thing called fascism.” But, the publication asked, what is fascism? “Fascism is not the easiest thing to identify and analyze,” it said, “nor, once in power, is it easy to destroy. It is important for our future and that of the world that as many of us as possible understand the causes and practices of fascism, in order to combat it.”
Fascism, the U.S. government document explained, “is government by the few and for the few. The objective is seizure and control of the economic, political, social, and cultural life of the state.” “The people run democratic governments, but fascist governments run the people.”
“The basic principles of democracy stand in the way of their desires; hence—democracy must go! Anyone who is not a member of their inner gang has to do what he’s told. They permit no civil liberties, no equality before the law.” “Fascism treats women as mere breeders. ‘Children, kitchen, and the church,’ was the Nazi slogan for women,” the pamphlet said.
Fascists “make their own rules and change them when they choose…. They maintain themselves in power by use of force combined with propaganda based on primitive ideas of ‘blood’ and ‘race,’ by skillful manipulation of fear and hate, and by false promise of security. The propaganda glorifies war and insists it is smart and ‘realistic’ to be pitiless and violent.”
Fascists understood that “the fundamental principle of democracy—faith in the common sense of the common people—was the direct opposite of the fascist principle of rule by the elite few,” it explained, “[s]o they fought democracy…. They played political, religious, social, and economic groups against each other and seized power while these groups struggled.”
Americans should not be fooled into thinking that fascism could not come to America, the pamphlet warned; after all, “[w]e once laughed Hitler off as a harmless little clown with a funny mustache.” And indeed, the U.S. had experienced “sorry instances of mob sadism, lynchings, vigilantism, terror, and suppression of civil liberties. We have had our hooded gangs, Black Legions, Silver Shirts, and racial and religious bigots. All of them, in the name of Americanism, have used undemocratic methods and doctrines which…can be properly identified as ‘fascist.’”
The War Department thought it was important for Americans to understand the tactics fascists would use to take power in the United States. They would try to gain power “under the guise of ‘super-patriotism’ and ‘super-Americanism.’” And they would use three techniques:
First, they would pit religious, racial, and economic groups against one another to break down national unity. Part of that effort to divide and conquer would be a “well-planned ‘hate campaign’ against minority races, religions, and other groups.”
Second, they would deny any need for international cooperation, because that would fly in the face of their insistence that their supporters were better than everyone else. “In place of international cooperation, the fascists seek to substitute a perverted sort of ultra-nationalism which tells their people that they are the only people in the world who count. With this goes hatred and suspicion toward the people of all other nations.”
Third, fascists would insist that “the world has but two choices—either fascism or communism, and they label as ‘communists’ everyone who refuses to support them.”
It is “vitally important” to learn to spot native fascists, the government said, “even though they adopt names and slogans with popular appeal, drape themselves with the American flag, and attempt to carry out their program in the name of the democracy they are trying to destroy.”
The only way to stop the rise of fascism in the United States, the document said, “is by making our democracy work and by actively cooperating to preserve world peace and security.” In the midst of the insecurity of the modern world, the hatred at the root of fascism “fulfills a triple mission.” By dividing people, it weakens democracy. “By getting men to hate rather than to think,” it prevents them “from seeking the real cause and a democratic solution to the problem.” By falsely promising prosperity, it lures people to embrace its security.
“Fascism thrives on indifference and ignorance,” it warned. Freedom requires “being alert and on guard against the infringement not only of our own freedom but the freedom of every American. If we permit discrimination, prejudice, or hate to rob anyone of his democratic rights, our own freedom and all democracy is threatened.” And if “we want to make certain that fascism does not come to America, we must make certain that it does not thrive anywhere in the world.”
Seventy-eight years after the publication of “FASCISM!” with its program for recognizing that political system and stopping it from taking over the United States, President Joe Biden today at Arlington National Cemetery in Arlington, Virginia, honored those who gave their lives fighting to preserve democracy. “On this day, we come together again to reflect, to remember, but above all, to recommit to the future our fallen heroes fought for, …a future grounded in freedom, democracy, equality, tolerance, opportunity, and…justice.”
“[T]he truest memorial to their lives,” the president said, is to act “every day to ensure that our democracy endures, our Constitution endures, and the soul of our nation and our decency endures.”
—
Notes:
https://onlinebooks.library.upenn.edu/webbin/serial?id=armytalks
War Department, “Army Talk 64: FASCISM!” March 24, 1945, at https://archive.org/details/ArmyTalkOrientationFactSheet64-Fascism/mode/2up
https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/speeches-remarks/2023/05/29/remarks-by-president-biden-at-the-155th-national-memorial-day-observance/
https://twitter.com/WhiteHouse/status/1663379851716198400
submitted by thinkingstranger to HeatherCoxRichardson [link] [comments]
Beginning in 1943, the War Department published a series of pamphlets for U.S. Army personnel in the European theater of World War II. Titled Army Talks, the series was designed “to help [the personnel] become better-informed men and women and therefore better soldiers.”
On March 24, 1945, the topic for the week was “FASCISM!”
“You are away from home, separated from your families, no longer at a civilian job or at school and many of you are risking your very lives,” the pamphlet explained, “because of a thing called fascism.” But, the publication asked, what is fascism? “Fascism is not the easiest thing to identify and analyze,” it said, “nor, once in power, is it easy to destroy. It is important for our future and that of the world that as many of us as possible understand the causes and practices of fascism, in order to combat it.”
Fascism, the U.S. government document explained, “is government by the few and for the few. The objective is seizure and control of the economic, political, social, and cultural life of the state.” “The people run democratic governments, but fascist governments run the people.”
“The basic principles of democracy stand in the way of their desires; hence—democracy must go! Anyone who is not a member of their inner gang has to do what he’s told. They permit no civil liberties, no equality before the law.” “Fascism treats women as mere breeders. ‘Children, kitchen, and the church,’ was the Nazi slogan for women,” the pamphlet said.
Fascists “make their own rules and change them when they choose…. They maintain themselves in power by use of force combined with propaganda based on primitive ideas of ‘blood’ and ‘race,’ by skillful manipulation of fear and hate, and by false promise of security. The propaganda glorifies war and insists it is smart and ‘realistic’ to be pitiless and violent.”
Fascists understood that “the fundamental principle of democracy—faith in the common sense of the common people—was the direct opposite of the fascist principle of rule by the elite few,” it explained, “[s]o they fought democracy…. They played political, religious, social, and economic groups against each other and seized power while these groups struggled.”
Americans should not be fooled into thinking that fascism could not come to America, the pamphlet warned; after all, “[w]e once laughed Hitler off as a harmless little clown with a funny mustache.” And indeed, the U.S. had experienced “sorry instances of mob sadism, lynchings, vigilantism, terror, and suppression of civil liberties. We have had our hooded gangs, Black Legions, Silver Shirts, and racial and religious bigots. All of them, in the name of Americanism, have used undemocratic methods and doctrines which…can be properly identified as ‘fascist.’”
The War Department thought it was important for Americans to understand the tactics fascists would use to take power in the United States. They would try to gain power “under the guise of ‘super-patriotism’ and ‘super-Americanism.’” And they would use three techniques:
First, they would pit religious, racial, and economic groups against one another to break down national unity. Part of that effort to divide and conquer would be a “well-planned ‘hate campaign’ against minority races, religions, and other groups.”
Second, they would deny any need for international cooperation, because that would fly in the face of their insistence that their supporters were better than everyone else. “In place of international cooperation, the fascists seek to substitute a perverted sort of ultra-nationalism which tells their people that they are the only people in the world who count. With this goes hatred and suspicion toward the people of all other nations.”
Third, fascists would insist that “the world has but two choices—either fascism or communism, and they label as ‘communists’ everyone who refuses to support them.”
It is “vitally important” to learn to spot native fascists, the government said, “even though they adopt names and slogans with popular appeal, drape themselves with the American flag, and attempt to carry out their program in the name of the democracy they are trying to destroy.”
The only way to stop the rise of fascism in the United States, the document said, “is by making our democracy work and by actively cooperating to preserve world peace and security.” In the midst of the insecurity of the modern world, the hatred at the root of fascism “fulfills a triple mission.” By dividing people, it weakens democracy. “By getting men to hate rather than to think,” it prevents them “from seeking the real cause and a democratic solution to the problem.” By falsely promising prosperity, it lures people to embrace its security.
“Fascism thrives on indifference and ignorance,” it warned. Freedom requires “being alert and on guard against the infringement not only of our own freedom but the freedom of every American. If we permit discrimination, prejudice, or hate to rob anyone of his democratic rights, our own freedom and all democracy is threatened.” And if “we want to make certain that fascism does not come to America, we must make certain that it does not thrive anywhere in the world.”
Seventy-eight years after the publication of “FASCISM!” with its program for recognizing that political system and stopping it from taking over the United States, President Joe Biden today at Arlington National Cemetery in Arlington, Virginia, honored those who gave their lives fighting to preserve democracy. “On this day, we come together again to reflect, to remember, but above all, to recommit to the future our fallen heroes fought for, …a future grounded in freedom, democracy, equality, tolerance, opportunity, and…justice.”
“[T]he truest memorial to their lives,” the president said, is to act “every day to ensure that our democracy endures, our Constitution endures, and the soul of our nation and our decency endures.”
—
Notes:
https://onlinebooks.library.upenn.edu/webbin/serial?id=armytalks
War Department, “Army Talk 64: FASCISM!” March 24, 1945, at https://archive.org/details/ArmyTalkOrientationFactSheet64-Fascism/mode/2up
https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/speeches-remarks/2023/05/29/remarks-by-president-biden-at-the-155th-national-memorial-day-observance/
https://twitter.com/WhiteHouse/status/1663379851716198400
2023.05.30 15:04 Floodman11 Everything YOU need to know about the 2023 edition of the 24 Hours of Le Mans - Ask your questions here!
With only days separating us from the Centenary Edition of the 24 Heures du Mans, it's time again for the Le Mans Primer thread! This is the place if you’ve got any questions about the 2023 Le Mans event, no matter how small! There are no dumb questions about Le Mans!
For some modern on boards, check out the fastest ever lap in the Circuit de la Sarthe: Kamui Kobayashi's 3:14.791 in 2017 Q2, and last year’s Hyperpole lap, by Brendon Hartley, setting a 3:24.408
The Dunlop Bridge
The iconic Dunlop Bridge has been a part of the Le Mans track since 1932, making it the oldest Dunlop Bridge at any track. This part of the track requires a good launch out of the first chicane before cresting the brow of the hill, and plunging through the esses out onto the Mulsanne straight. As the LMP cars are much more maneuverable, caution must be taken passing the slower GT traffic, as Allan McNish discovered in 2011.
Tertre Rouge
Tertre Rouge is the corner that launches the cars onto the long Mulsanne straight. Maintaining momentum through this corner as it opens on exit is imperative to ensure maximum straight line speed heading down the first part of the Mulsanne. The undulation in the road makes for fantastic viewing at night, with some magic images of the Porsches throwing up sparks on the exit in 2014. Finally, this was the location of Allan Simonsen’s fatal crash in mixed conditions in the 2013 Le Mans. The Danish flags will fly at the corner in his memory.
Mulsanne Corner
After the incredibly long Mulsanne straight, the Mulsanne corner nowadays features a subtle right hand kink before the tight 90 degree turn. Here, the cars decelerate from 340 km/h down to below 100 km/h, resulting in a brilliant opportunity to overtake. Again, care must be taken overtaking slower traffic; unaware drivers have caught out faster cars attempting to pass through the kink, such as Anthony Davidson’s spectacular crash in 2012 resulting in a broken vertebra for Davidson.
Indianapolis and Arnage
The Indanapolis and Arnage complex is one of the most committed areas of the track. Hurtling down the hill from the Mulsanne Corner, the road suddenly bends to the right, a corner which only the bravest prototype drivers take flat out, followed by a beautifully cambered open left hander taken in third gear. A short sprint leads the cars into Arnage, the slowest point on the track. The tight right hander was the scene of heartbreak for Toyota in 2014 when the leading #7 broke down and had to be retired after an FIA sensor melted and shut off the electronics. Kazuki Nakajiima was unable to make it to the pits, leaving him stranded on the circuit.
The Porsche Curves
At a terrifyingly high speed, the Porsche Curves is the most committed part of the lap. Getting caught behind GT traffic in this section can mean losing phenomenal amounts of time. This was the site of Loic Duval’s horrific crash in practice for the 2014 event. Keeping momentum through the flowing right-left-right handers that lead into Maison Blanche requires 100% commitment and ultimate precision, with severe punishment for getting it wrong. The exit of the Porsche Curves underwent significant change in 2020, with additional run-off added in the middle part of the section. This has turned the treacherous and claustrophobic sweeping left-hander into an open and sweeping corner, encouraging every little bit of road to be used on the exit. What it hasn’t changed is the terrific consequences for making a mistake
The Ford Chicanes
The final chapter in the 13.6km rollercoaster that is Le Mans is the Ford Chicanes. Two tight left-right handers with massive kerbs are all that separates the driver from the finish line. Watching the cars bounce over the kerbs in beautiful slow motion is certainly something to behold, but 24 hours of mistreatment can lead to suspension and steering issues. The drivers have to be attentive until the very end, lest they throw it all away in the last minutes of the race.
The Circuit de la Sarthe requires over 85% of the lap on full throttle, with the cars accelerating from less than 100km/h to over 300km/h five times each lap. The challenge of having a car finish Le Mans is in itself, an achievement.
LMP2 is the first class that must feature amateur rated drivers. The Amateurs must drive for a minimum of 6 hours in the car over the course of the race. This means that there's an element of strategy of when to use your amateur driver throughout the race, as the amateur driver is generally slower than the Pros. The pro drivers in this class range from up and coming talent, former F1 drivers, and some of the best sportscar pilots in the world, and with 244 cars in this class, LMP2 is sure to be a hotbed of action over the 24 hours.
This year is the last year of the GTE class, and features 21 cars in a Pro-Am category, with cars from Ferrari, Porsche, Aston Martin, and Chevrolet on the grid. Despite the lack of a Pro category, the driver quality in GTE-Am is still incredibly high, with factory drivers, young stars, experienced champions and every level of experience in between on the grid, with each car featuring two Bronze or Silver rated drivers. With two amateur drivers, the strategy considerations multiply. While GTE-Am might be the class focussed on the least over the course of the race, the stories that come from this class are phenomenal, and it's well worth following.
The GT classes feature a range of different cars and configurations, and to equalise each of these against each other, the class goes through a process called 'Balance of Performance' or BoP. The organisers can adjust each individual car's weight, fuel tank, air restrictor, turbo boost pressures, and aero performance to alter performance levels to enable the different cars to race competitively. This can sometimes be contentious as every team will feel hard done by, but it is a necessary evil to having the variety of cars on the grid.
This year, the Innovative Car entry is a modified Chevrolet Camaro ZL1 Next-Gen NASCAR, run by Hendrick Motorsports. The Next-Gen NASCAR features modifications to allow it to run safely on the Circuit de la Sarthe, and will be driven by multiple NASCAR Cup champion Jimmie Johnson, Formula 1 World Champion Jenson Button, and Le Mans Overall Winner Mike Rockenfeller.
In 2019, we at /WEC, took our normal Le Mans Legends celebrations to a new level; each week, members of the community have been writing reviews on some of the closest, most fascinating finishes in Le Mans history! You can check out these reports below!
For a bite-sized history lesson on every Le Mans event, check out this post by u/JohannesMeanAd2, describing every Le Mans in a single sentence!
The early races were dominated by the Bentley company in their Speed 6, who won 5 of the first 7 races. Cars were separated into classes by their engine displacement, and the overall winner was based on distance covered. If two cars had finished with the same number of laps, the car with the smaller displacement was declared the winner. The race wasn't run during the second world war, and comparatively very little information is available on the stories of the early days of Le Mans.
After the second world war, teams such as Jaguar, Ferrari, Mercedes, and Aston Martin became the dominant teams. This era featured the legendary Jaguar D type, the Mercedes Benz 300 SLR, the Ferrari 250 Testa Rossa, and the Aston Martin DBR1. Jaguar won 5 times between 1951 and 1957, followed by an era of Ferrari dominance. Drivers such as Mike Hawthorn, Stirling Moss, Juan Manuel Fangio, and John Fitch became household names as Le Mans became a battle between German engineering and British "garagistas".
Ferrari and Ford was the story of the 60's, with Ferrari winning 6 times straight before Ford won four in a row with the GT40 Mk II, taking their first win in 1966. The story of their rivalry is legendary in it's own right - Henry Ford had almost successfully bought out the Ferrari motor company, only to be knocked back by Enzo himself at the 11th hour. In retaliation, Ford planned to hurt Ferrari where it mattered most; on the track. The Ford GT40 was so comprehensively dominant that it won the 1966 edition 21 laps ahead of the next car back - a Porsche 906/6. None of the Ferrari 330P3's finished the race. This battle gave drivers like Bruce Mclaren, Dan Gurney, and Jacky Ickx their first Le Mans victories, and propelled them to the forefront of motorsport stardom at the height of motorsport's popularity.
The 1970's saw the dawn of Porsche, with the 917k taking the brand's first win in 1970, with the same car winning the following year in the hands of Helmut Marko (yes, that Helmut Marko). It would be 5 years before Porsche would win again, with Matra taking 3 victories in the interim, each at the hands of Henri Pescarolo. Porsche returned with the 936 and the 956/962c dominating the race for the next 20 years. In fact, from 1970, Porsche won 12 times in 18 events, including 7 in a row, and they miiight have been a bit cheeky about it. Amongst these 12 wins, there were 4 for both Jacky Ickx and Derek Bell, and two for IMSA legend Hurley Haywood, as well as the first win for the Joest team in 1984. This era coincided with the introduction, and subsequent destruction of the Group C sportscar formula, widely regarded as the best Sportscar championship regulations of all time. Porsche’s dominance was eventually ended by Jaguar in the XJR-9LM, at the height of Group C’s magic. Ickx's 6 wins at this stage had earned him the nickname 'Mr Le Mans', a fitting title for one of the best drivers in the world at the time.
GT cars became a force to be reckoned with at the end of the Group C era, with classes being split into LMGTP and LMP. McLaren and Porsche had wins in GTP cars, in the F1 GTR and the 911 GT1 respectively, while Porsche, BMW and Peugeot scored LMP wins. 1997 saw the first win for Tom Kristensen, while the following year Allan McNish took his first victory, starting their journeys into the legend books of Le Mans.
The 2000’s ushered in the era of Audi, with all 13 of their wins coming since the turn of the century. GTP was disbanded due to safety issues, being replaced by GT1 and GT2. Audi picked up wins in the R8, the R10, the R15, and the R18, often dominating the might of the Peugeot 908. Audi's dominance elevated not only their drivers to legend status, but also their team managers, car designers, and race engineers. People like Reinhold Joest (team manager), Dr Wolfgang Ullrich (Audisport director), Ulrich Baretzky (engine designer), Leena Gade, Howden Haynes (race engineers) behind the wall and Allan McNish, Tom Kristensen, Rinaldo Capello, Marcel Fassler, Andre Lotterer and Benoit Treluyer have become household names in the sport not only for their wins, but their longevity and domination. Audi's dominance was only broken by a win for Bentley in 2003, running basically an Audi under a British racing green skin, and Peugeot in 2009, before being ended for good by Porsche in 2015. After both Porsche and Audi left the top class, Toyota rose to dominance, taking the last 3 Le Mans events in a row!
Between 2015 and 2017, Porsche added to their victories, now holding a record 19 overall victories at the Circuit de la Sarthe. Audi trail with 13, with Ferrari, Jaguar and Bentley holding the next three positions. Toyota finally took their first overall victory in 2018, and have won every year since. Tom Kristensen is has the most victories at Le Mans, with 9 overall victories over his career with Porsche, Audi and Bentley, inheriting the title of Mr Le Mans.
If you want to have a go at picking who you think will be winning in each class, jump into mwclarkson's Fantasy Endurance Contest! It's free to enter, and if you win, you'll get the satisfaction and achievement of being right!
If there's anything you'd like us to add, or need clarification on, please comment below and we'll add it in!`
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CONTENTS
- The Race
- Session Times
- The Track
- The Classes
- The Legends
- Videos and Documentaries
- Entry List and Spotters Guide
- Endurance Chat podcast
- Broadcast Details
- Social Media
- Live Timing
- Get Involved!
The Race
It all comes back to Le Mans. A century ago, people asked ‘Could a car continue to drive for 24 hours straight?’, an event was made to test that theory, and a legacy in racing, motorsport, and motoring was born. The 24 Heures du Mans is the holy grail of endurance motor racing, and brings up its Centenary edition this year. In its 100 year history, the 24 Hours of Le Mans is recognised as the most prestigious and gruelling test for innovations and improvements in motorsport technology. Technologies such as disk and air brakes, streamlined bodywork, fuel, oil, and lubricant improvements, improvements to engine efficiency and longevity, even things as simple as LED lighting and windscreen wiper blades have been trialled and tested at Le Mans. The normally hot conditions in the middle of June stretch the limits of reliability, with all the teams knowing that in order to beat their competitors, they must first beat the event. A variety of different engine configurations, displacements, positions, fuels, and hybrids have won over the history of the event. So far, petrol-fuelled traditional piston engines have been the most successful. Mazda managed to win using a Wankel Rotary engine in 1991 with the Mazda 787b (oh god listen to that sound!), while Audi was the first to win with an alternate fuel, taking victory in the diesel-powered R10 TDI in 2006. 2012 ushered in the era of the Hybrid, with Audi taking victory in the R18 e-tron Quattro, featuring a flywheel hybrid engine.Qualifying
The Qualifying format for Le Mans is unique to the event, and called Hyperpole. In this format, all classes are permitted to use the track in the 1 hour qualifying session on Wednesday evening. The top 6 cars from each of the 4 classes then progress to the Hyperpole session on Thursday night, which sets the top of the grid for each class. This means that each class will be segregated on the final grid.Session Times
- Ligier European Series Practice 1 – Sunday June 4th, 08:00 Local, 06:00 UTC, 02:00 ET, 16:00 AEST – 45 Minutes
- Ligier European Series Qualifying 1 – Sunday June 4th, 09:15 Local, 07:15 UTC, 03:15 ET, 17:15 AEST – 20 Minutes
- Test Day Session 1 - Sunday June 4th, 10:00 Local, 08:00 UTC, 04:00 ET, 18:00 AEST – 3 Hours
- Ligier European Series Race - Sunday June 4th, 14:00 Local, 12:00 UTC, 08:00 ET, 22:00 AEST – 60 Minutes
- Test Day Session 2 - Sunday June 4th, 15:30 Local, 13:30 UTC, 09:30 ET, 23:30 AEST – 3 Hours
- Porsche Carrera Cup Practice 1 – Wednesday June 7th, 09:00 Local, 07:00 UTC, 03:00 ET, 17:00 AEST – 45 Minutes
- Ferrari Challenge Practice 1 – Wednesday June 7th, 10:15 Local, 08:15 UTC, 04:15 ET, 18:15 AEST - 45 Minutes
- Road To Le Mans Practice 1 – Wednesday June 7th, 11:30 Local, 09:30 UTC, 05:30 ET, 19:30 AEST – 1 Hour
- Free Practice 1 - Wednesday June 7th, 14:00 Local, 12:00 UTC, 08:00 ET, 22:00 AEST - 3 Hours
- Qualifying Practice - Wednesday June 7th. 19:00 Local, 17:00 UTC, 13:00 ET, Thursday 03:00 AEST - 1 Hour
- Road To Le Mans Practice 2 – Wednesday June 7th, 20:30 Local, 18:30 UTC, 14:30 ET, Thursday 04:30 AEST - 1 Hour
- Free Practice 2 - Wednesday June 7th, 22:00 Local, 20:00 UTC, 16:00 ET, Thursday 06:00 AEST - 2 Hours
- Ferrari Challenge Practice 2 – Thursday June 8th, 09:00 Local, 07:00 UTC, 03:00 ET, 17:00 AEST – 45 Minutes
- Porsche Carrera Cup Practice 2 – Thursday June 8th, 10:55 Local, 08:55 UTC, 04:55 ET, 18:55 AEST – 45 Minutes
- Road To Le Mans Qualifying Practice – Thursday June 8th, 12:55 Local, 10:55 UTC, 06:55 UTC, 20:55 AEST – 20 Minutes x 2 Classes
- Free Practice 3 - Thursday June 8th, 15:00 Local, 13:00 UTC, 09:00 ET, 23:00 AEST - 3 Hours
- Road To Le Mans Race 1 - Thursday June 8th, 18:30 Local, 16:30 UTC, 12:30 ET, Friday 02:30 AEST - 55 Minutes
- HYPERPOLE - Thursday June 8th, 20:00 Local, 18:00 UTC, 14:00 ET, Friday 04:00 AEST - 30 Minutes
- Free Practice 4 - Thursday June 8th, 22:00 Local, 20:00 UTC, 16:00 ET, Friday 06:00 AEST - 2 Hours
- Porsche Carrera Cup Qualifying – Friday June 9th, 09:00 Local, 07:00 UTC, 03:00 ET, 17:00 AEST – 45 Minutes
- Ferrari Challenge Qualifying – Friday June 9th, 10:15 Local, 08:15 UTC, 04:15 ET, 18:15 AEST – 45 Minutes
- Road To Le Mans Race 2 - Friday June 9th, 11:30 Local, 09:30 UTC, 05:30 ET, 19:30 AEST – 55 Minutes
- Ferrari Challenge Race 1 - Saturday June 10th, 09:30 Local, 07:30 UTC, 03:30 ET, 17:30 AEST - 45 Minutes
- Porsche Carrera Cup Race 1 - Saturday June 10th, 10:45 Local, 08:45 UTC, 04:45 ET, 18:45 AEST - 45 Minutes
- Warm Up - Saturday June 10th, 12:00 Local, 10:00 UTC, 06:00 ET, 20:00 AEST – 15 Minutes
- RACE START - **Saturday June 11th, 16:00 Local, 14:00 UTC, 10:00 ET, Sunday 00:00 AEST
The Track
The Circuit de la Sarthe covers 13.6 kilometres of the French country side. It combines the permanent race components of the Ford Chicanes, the pit straight, under the Dunlop Bridge and through to Tertre Rouge as well as the normal everyday roads of the Mulsanne straight through to Indianapolis and Arnage. The track has gone through many iterations over the years; originally, the cars raced into the heart of the city, turning just before the river Sarthe, before hurtling down the 8.6 kilometre straight. In 1932, the circuit removed the journey into the city, and more closely resembled the track we see today. Here’s a video of Mike Hawthorn touring the circuit with a camera and microphone attached in 1956, one year after his involvement in the Le Mans disaster. The addition of the Porsche Curves and the Ford Chicanes in 1972 added an extra dimension to the high speed, fast flowing track. In the late 80’s, the Group C prototype cars would reach over 400km/h, achieving average speeds of almost 250km/h in qualifying for the entire lap. This is an onboard of Derek Bell’s Porsche 956 in 1983, showing the ridiculous speeds on this configuration of the circuit. This configuration remained relatively unchanged right up to 1990, until FIA mandations required that for the circuit to be sanctioned, it must not have a straight longer than 2km. The 6km Mulsanne straight was cut down into three relatively equal length portions by two chicanes, giving the iteration of the circuit used today. Allan McNish takes you on an onboard lap of the 2008 circuit in this video. McNish is one of the gods of the modern prototype era, winning Le Mans 3 times; once with Porsche and twice with Audi. For a more comprehensive focus on the track, John Hindhaugh’s track walk takes you on a 30 minute exploration of the track, with in depth focus on corners like the Dunlop Esses, Tertre Rouge, Mulsanne Corner, and the Ford Chicanes.For some modern on boards, check out the fastest ever lap in the Circuit de la Sarthe: Kamui Kobayashi's 3:14.791 in 2017 Q2, and last year’s Hyperpole lap, by Brendon Hartley, setting a 3:24.408
The Dunlop Bridge
The iconic Dunlop Bridge has been a part of the Le Mans track since 1932, making it the oldest Dunlop Bridge at any track. This part of the track requires a good launch out of the first chicane before cresting the brow of the hill, and plunging through the esses out onto the Mulsanne straight. As the LMP cars are much more maneuverable, caution must be taken passing the slower GT traffic, as Allan McNish discovered in 2011.
Tertre Rouge
Tertre Rouge is the corner that launches the cars onto the long Mulsanne straight. Maintaining momentum through this corner as it opens on exit is imperative to ensure maximum straight line speed heading down the first part of the Mulsanne. The undulation in the road makes for fantastic viewing at night, with some magic images of the Porsches throwing up sparks on the exit in 2014. Finally, this was the location of Allan Simonsen’s fatal crash in mixed conditions in the 2013 Le Mans. The Danish flags will fly at the corner in his memory.
Mulsanne Corner
After the incredibly long Mulsanne straight, the Mulsanne corner nowadays features a subtle right hand kink before the tight 90 degree turn. Here, the cars decelerate from 340 km/h down to below 100 km/h, resulting in a brilliant opportunity to overtake. Again, care must be taken overtaking slower traffic; unaware drivers have caught out faster cars attempting to pass through the kink, such as Anthony Davidson’s spectacular crash in 2012 resulting in a broken vertebra for Davidson.
Indianapolis and Arnage
The Indanapolis and Arnage complex is one of the most committed areas of the track. Hurtling down the hill from the Mulsanne Corner, the road suddenly bends to the right, a corner which only the bravest prototype drivers take flat out, followed by a beautifully cambered open left hander taken in third gear. A short sprint leads the cars into Arnage, the slowest point on the track. The tight right hander was the scene of heartbreak for Toyota in 2014 when the leading #7 broke down and had to be retired after an FIA sensor melted and shut off the electronics. Kazuki Nakajiima was unable to make it to the pits, leaving him stranded on the circuit.
The Porsche Curves
At a terrifyingly high speed, the Porsche Curves is the most committed part of the lap. Getting caught behind GT traffic in this section can mean losing phenomenal amounts of time. This was the site of Loic Duval’s horrific crash in practice for the 2014 event. Keeping momentum through the flowing right-left-right handers that lead into Maison Blanche requires 100% commitment and ultimate precision, with severe punishment for getting it wrong. The exit of the Porsche Curves underwent significant change in 2020, with additional run-off added in the middle part of the section. This has turned the treacherous and claustrophobic sweeping left-hander into an open and sweeping corner, encouraging every little bit of road to be used on the exit. What it hasn’t changed is the terrific consequences for making a mistake
The Ford Chicanes
The final chapter in the 13.6km rollercoaster that is Le Mans is the Ford Chicanes. Two tight left-right handers with massive kerbs are all that separates the driver from the finish line. Watching the cars bounce over the kerbs in beautiful slow motion is certainly something to behold, but 24 hours of mistreatment can lead to suspension and steering issues. The drivers have to be attentive until the very end, lest they throw it all away in the last minutes of the race.
The Circuit de la Sarthe requires over 85% of the lap on full throttle, with the cars accelerating from less than 100km/h to over 300km/h five times each lap. The challenge of having a car finish Le Mans is in itself, an achievement.
The Classes
The WEC consists of three classes on track at once, resulting in three separate races on track each in their own battle for 24 Hours. The classes are split based on their car type, with LMH and LMDh machinery facing off in the Hypercar class, purpose built prototypes with a spec engine and gearbox battling in LMP2, and GT machinery racing in GTE. Each class has its own set of regulations, driver requirements, and relevance for the Le Mans event.Hypercar
The current top class of endurance sportscars is Hypercar, combining cars built to Le Mans Hypercar (LMH) and Le Mans Daytona (LMDh) specifications. Fighting it out will be LMH machinery from Toyota, Ferrari, Peugeot, Glickenhaus and Peugeot, while Porsche and Cadillac will be racing in LMDh cars. The LMH cars are bespoke sportscars, designed to a strict set of requirements dictating maximum power, drag coefficient, and weight, amongst other parameters, intended to limit the cost of the category. LMDh machines on the other hand are based on the future LMP2 chassis offerings, with manufacturers able to develop their own engines and bodywork, aligning with the power and drag coefficients of LMH. As part of cost-cutting, the Hypercar class is also subject to a Balance of Performance (BoP) formula, to level the playing field and ensure good racing! Hypercars are a little slower than their LMP1 predecessors, with lap times around the 3:24 mark for the Circuit de la Sarthe, which is on par with the 2014 LMP1 cars.LMP2
The second prototype class is LMP2, and provides an excellent platform for endurance racing on a budget. The LMP2 class features a spec drivetrain and gearbox, using a Gibson V8 producing 400kW, and a selection of three chassis to choose from, of which the Oreca 07 has been the chassis of choice. This ensures that the competition in the class is very tight, and often comes down to the drivers and the team’s performance instead of just having the best car. While LMP2 was capable of 3:25 lap times in years previous, part of the ‘stratification’ of classes with Hypercar’s inclusion, the LMP2 class has lost some power and had some weight added. This should put LMP2 at the heels of the LMH pace, but with laptimes outside the 3:28 mark.LMP2 is the first class that must feature amateur rated drivers. The Amateurs must drive for a minimum of 6 hours in the car over the course of the race. This means that there's an element of strategy of when to use your amateur driver throughout the race, as the amateur driver is generally slower than the Pros. The pro drivers in this class range from up and coming talent, former F1 drivers, and some of the best sportscar pilots in the world, and with 244 cars in this class, LMP2 is sure to be a hotbed of action over the 24 hours.
LMGTE-Am
GT class cars are cars that are derived from production models, and feature some of the most iconic cars and brands battling it out at the top of the field. The GTE cars are on the border of aero dependency, and can lap Le Mans in around 3:45 in a professional driver’s hands.This year is the last year of the GTE class, and features 21 cars in a Pro-Am category, with cars from Ferrari, Porsche, Aston Martin, and Chevrolet on the grid. Despite the lack of a Pro category, the driver quality in GTE-Am is still incredibly high, with factory drivers, young stars, experienced champions and every level of experience in between on the grid, with each car featuring two Bronze or Silver rated drivers. With two amateur drivers, the strategy considerations multiply. While GTE-Am might be the class focussed on the least over the course of the race, the stories that come from this class are phenomenal, and it's well worth following.
The GT classes feature a range of different cars and configurations, and to equalise each of these against each other, the class goes through a process called 'Balance of Performance' or BoP. The organisers can adjust each individual car's weight, fuel tank, air restrictor, turbo boost pressures, and aero performance to alter performance levels to enable the different cars to race competitively. This can sometimes be contentious as every team will feel hard done by, but it is a necessary evil to having the variety of cars on the grid.
Innovative Car
Each year, there is the option for an Innovative Car, with untested or innovative technology, allowed to enter in it’s own category. In years past, this has allowed for entries from the Deltawing, or a modified LMP2 to allow amputees to race.This year, the Innovative Car entry is a modified Chevrolet Camaro ZL1 Next-Gen NASCAR, run by Hendrick Motorsports. The Next-Gen NASCAR features modifications to allow it to run safely on the Circuit de la Sarthe, and will be driven by multiple NASCAR Cup champion Jimmie Johnson, Formula 1 World Champion Jenson Button, and Le Mans Overall Winner Mike Rockenfeller.
The Legends
Part of the allure of the Le Mans 24 Hours is the history, and the legends steeped in history over the course of its 88 previous editions. The race has had many headline battles in its history - periods of time where two or three teams went toe to toe for years, with the drivers, cars, and brands embroiled in these battles given the chance to elevate themselves above the rest, and show their prowess.In 2019, we at /WEC, took our normal Le Mans Legends celebrations to a new level; each week, members of the community have been writing reviews on some of the closest, most fascinating finishes in Le Mans history! You can check out these reports below!
- The 1966 Dead Heat by kinkymulsanne
- 1983; Factory Porsche dominates with a 1-2 victory, but only just! by Floodman11
- 1987; The colossal struggle between Porsche and Jaguar (Part 1) by Lagiacrus7
- 2016; FUCK by Cybershrike
- 1979; Boogie Nights meets Days Of Thunder by SolHiemis
- 1991; the Hiroshima Screamer Prevails by AE_Racer
- 2010; the Day the Peugeots All Died by kiwichris1709
- 1999; The Le Mans Turning Point by starzonda
- 2011; The Final Audi vs Peugeot Rivalry by Stuff_And_More
- 1988; The colossal struggle between Porsche and Jaguar (part 2) by Lagiacrus7
For a bite-sized history lesson on every Le Mans event, check out this post by u/JohannesMeanAd2, describing every Le Mans in a single sentence!
After the second world war, teams such as Jaguar, Ferrari, Mercedes, and Aston Martin became the dominant teams. This era featured the legendary Jaguar D type, the Mercedes Benz 300 SLR, the Ferrari 250 Testa Rossa, and the Aston Martin DBR1. Jaguar won 5 times between 1951 and 1957, followed by an era of Ferrari dominance. Drivers such as Mike Hawthorn, Stirling Moss, Juan Manuel Fangio, and John Fitch became household names as Le Mans became a battle between German engineering and British "garagistas".
Ferrari and Ford was the story of the 60's, with Ferrari winning 6 times straight before Ford won four in a row with the GT40 Mk II, taking their first win in 1966. The story of their rivalry is legendary in it's own right - Henry Ford had almost successfully bought out the Ferrari motor company, only to be knocked back by Enzo himself at the 11th hour. In retaliation, Ford planned to hurt Ferrari where it mattered most; on the track. The Ford GT40 was so comprehensively dominant that it won the 1966 edition 21 laps ahead of the next car back - a Porsche 906/6. None of the Ferrari 330P3's finished the race. This battle gave drivers like Bruce Mclaren, Dan Gurney, and Jacky Ickx their first Le Mans victories, and propelled them to the forefront of motorsport stardom at the height of motorsport's popularity.
The 1970's saw the dawn of Porsche, with the 917k taking the brand's first win in 1970, with the same car winning the following year in the hands of Helmut Marko (yes, that Helmut Marko). It would be 5 years before Porsche would win again, with Matra taking 3 victories in the interim, each at the hands of Henri Pescarolo. Porsche returned with the 936 and the 956/962c dominating the race for the next 20 years. In fact, from 1970, Porsche won 12 times in 18 events, including 7 in a row, and they miiight have been a bit cheeky about it. Amongst these 12 wins, there were 4 for both Jacky Ickx and Derek Bell, and two for IMSA legend Hurley Haywood, as well as the first win for the Joest team in 1984. This era coincided with the introduction, and subsequent destruction of the Group C sportscar formula, widely regarded as the best Sportscar championship regulations of all time. Porsche’s dominance was eventually ended by Jaguar in the XJR-9LM, at the height of Group C’s magic. Ickx's 6 wins at this stage had earned him the nickname 'Mr Le Mans', a fitting title for one of the best drivers in the world at the time.
GT cars became a force to be reckoned with at the end of the Group C era, with classes being split into LMGTP and LMP. McLaren and Porsche had wins in GTP cars, in the F1 GTR and the 911 GT1 respectively, while Porsche, BMW and Peugeot scored LMP wins. 1997 saw the first win for Tom Kristensen, while the following year Allan McNish took his first victory, starting their journeys into the legend books of Le Mans.
The 2000’s ushered in the era of Audi, with all 13 of their wins coming since the turn of the century. GTP was disbanded due to safety issues, being replaced by GT1 and GT2. Audi picked up wins in the R8, the R10, the R15, and the R18, often dominating the might of the Peugeot 908. Audi's dominance elevated not only their drivers to legend status, but also their team managers, car designers, and race engineers. People like Reinhold Joest (team manager), Dr Wolfgang Ullrich (Audisport director), Ulrich Baretzky (engine designer), Leena Gade, Howden Haynes (race engineers) behind the wall and Allan McNish, Tom Kristensen, Rinaldo Capello, Marcel Fassler, Andre Lotterer and Benoit Treluyer have become household names in the sport not only for their wins, but their longevity and domination. Audi's dominance was only broken by a win for Bentley in 2003, running basically an Audi under a British racing green skin, and Peugeot in 2009, before being ended for good by Porsche in 2015. After both Porsche and Audi left the top class, Toyota rose to dominance, taking the last 3 Le Mans events in a row!
Between 2015 and 2017, Porsche added to their victories, now holding a record 19 overall victories at the Circuit de la Sarthe. Audi trail with 13, with Ferrari, Jaguar and Bentley holding the next three positions. Toyota finally took their first overall victory in 2018, and have won every year since. Tom Kristensen is has the most victories at Le Mans, with 9 overall victories over his career with Porsche, Audi and Bentley, inheriting the title of Mr Le Mans.
Videos and Documentaries
- Truth in 24 and Truth in 24 II - The story of Audi’s victories against testing conditions and the might of Peugeot in 2008 and 2011.
- Le Mans - made in 1971, this movie follows a fictional Le Mans race in 1970, featuring fantastic footage and sounds of the Porsche 917 and the Ferrari 512 starring Steve McQueen
- Michael Fassbender:Road To Le Mans Season 1 - Season 2 - Season 3 - The journey that Michael Fassbender has taken from movie star to Porsche GTE-Am driver, detailing his racing through the ranks of Carrera Cup, Le Mans Cup, and ELMS.
- The Deadliest Crash - The BBC documentary on the 1955 Le Mans disaster. For more information, see CookieMonsteFL’s amazing post on the incident
- Our Return: A documentary of our road to Le Mans 2015 - Porsche’s youtube documentary chronicling their return to Le Mans and their eventual win.
- McLaren at Le Mans: Pursuit of Perfection - The story behind McLaren's 1995 victory
- The fastest ever lap at the Circuit de la Sarthe. Kamui Kobayashi's 3:14.791 in 2017 Q2
- Mark Blundell’s explosive lap - Blundell was going so fast, he was overheating the blowers in the car. After being told to turn down the engine and abandon the lap, in true racing driver fashion he simply turned off the radio.
- Clearwater Racing: Journey to the 24 hours of Le mans
- Cetilar Racing: The Italian Spirit of Le Mans - A documentary on Cetilar Villorba Corse's journey to Le Mans in 2018
- McLaren at Le Mans: Pursuit of Perfection - The McLaren F1 road car's story and development for the historic LeMans race of 1995.
- Ford vs Ferrari / Le Mans '66 - Coming out late 2019, this movie tells (a stylised version of) the story of the battle between Ford and Ferrari at Le Mans in the late 1960's. While there are some inaccuracies, the movie has been widely heralded as one of the best Motorsport themed movies ever made, and has been enjoyed by critics and motorsport fans alike.
- Michael Fassbender: Road To Le Mans Season 1 and 2, Season 3, Season 4 – Actor and Amateur Driver Michael Fassbender documents his 4 year journey from Porsche Carrera Cup into the ELMS and finally, to the 24 Hours of Le Mans.
Entry List
Spotters Guide to be added when released!Once again, /WEC will have a community spotters guide thanks to the efforts of Ziombel_444! The planned release date is the 6th of June, so keep your eyes peeled for that!
Check out Ziombel_444's other work at Spotters.Guide, and support this great effort!Endurance Chat
/WEC's podcast, Endurance Chat, will have four episodes in the lead up to Le Mans, as well as a Pre-Pre-Race show in the hours before the event. Watch this space for updates!- Endurance Chat S8E11 – The Centenary 24 Hours of Le Mans Preview - History, context, and insight into this year’s edition of the Le Mans 24 Hours
- Endurance Chat S8E12 - The 2023 Le Mans 24 Hour Hypercar Class Guide – COMING SOON
- Endurance Chat S8E13 - The 2023 Le Mans 24 Hour LMP2 Class Guide – COMING SOON
- Endurance Chat S8E14 – The 2023 Le Mans 24 Hour LMGTE-Am Class Guide – COMING SOON
Streaming and Television
In the past, the FIAWEC Broadcast has started from Qualifying Practice. We are awaiting confirmation if that is the case this year – Streams for non-FIAWEC sessions after that point will be subject to the organisers of those series broadcasting those sessions.
- Official stream OUTSIDE US ONLY - The Le Mans package gives you access to all WEC sessions (Qualifying, Warm Up and the Race) with a choice of on boards, cross platform compatibility, and up to 5 devices connected at once. Additionally, replays of the event are free after the event. Official comms headed by Martin Haven, Anthony Davidson, and Graham Goodwin, who in my personal opinion properly nail the tone of the event. Has been known to get overloaded and crash however
- Eurosport will likely be broadcasting the event in a variety of locales throughout Europe. This will be updated when confirmed
- Radio Le Mans will be streaming live radio for every session
- [Official TV Broadcast distribution](COMING SOON) Find out how to watch in your region!
Social Media
If you're looking for more interaction, you can find most of the teams, drivers and commentators on Twitter, giving you instant interaction with those in the midst of the event.If someone wants to make a twitter list for the teams/driveetc for this year, that would be greatly appreciated!
Live timing
Be sure to join the discord for alternate timing solutions!Get Involved!
By far the most fun you can have watching an endurance race is watching it with the official /WEC Discord! It's a lot of fun and a really great atmosphere to watch the race in!If you want to have a go at picking who you think will be winning in each class, jump into mwclarkson's Fantasy Endurance Contest! It's free to enter, and if you win, you'll get the satisfaction and achievement of being right!
2023.05.30 11:17 salfc Dependent wife’s tuition fee tax exempt?
I am a research associate. My wife came to Beglium as a dependent and couldn’t work until October 2022 as I was getting paid a doctoral scholarship (hence officially a student who don’t have a work permit. My work permit status reflects on her as well as she is a dependent). Since October 2022, I am not a scholarship holder, but a research associate with taxed salary. So in theory, my wife is allowed to work. But she is currently studying. We paid a tuition fee last year. Wondering whether this will be tax exempt?
submitted by salfc to BESalary [link] [comments]
2023.05.30 10:23 shreehari22 Things to Take Care of While Applying for a Canada Student Visa
 | Studying in Canada offers immense opportunities for international students. However, before embarking on this journey, it is crucial to understand the process of applying for a Canada student visa. This article aims to provide a comprehensive guide to help prospective students navigate through the Step by Step Process of application for Study in Canada. submitted by shreehari22 to u/shreehari22 [link] [comments] https://preview.redd.it/obi8cu3kzy2b1.jpg?width=1492&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=e9a7f02d973d492c11c6a9271048bb5754e8f600 Understanding the Canada Student Visa
Proof of Acceptance Obtain a letter of acceptance from the Canadian institution where you have been admitted. This letter should contain details about the program, duration of study, and any conditions you need to meet before starting your studies. Proof of Identity Prepare your valid passport or travel document that allows you to return to your home country. Make sure your passport remains valid throughout your stay in Canada. Financial Documents Demonstrate that you have sufficient funds to cover your tuition fees, living expenses, and return transportation. This may involve providing bank statements, scholarship letters, or sponsorship letters from parents or guardians. Language Proficiency Test Results Depending on the program and institution, you may need to provide language proficiency test results. The most common tests accepted in Canada are the IELTS (International English Language Testing System) and the TOEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Language). Many of Canadian institution accept PTE (Pearson Test of English) and Duolingo. Preparing for the Visa Application Once you have gathered all the necessary documents, it’s time to prepare for the visa application process. Paying the Visa Application Fee & Other Fees if any applicable Before submitting your application, ensure you have the required funds to pay the visa application fee. The fee amount may vary depending on the type of visa and your country of residence. Completing the Application Forms Carefully fill out the application forms, providing accurate and detailed information. Double-check for any errors or missing information before submission. Statement of Purpose (SOP) SOP plays vital role while applying for Canada Student Visa. You need to mention well described information for your education goal and Career path in your SOP. Scheduling Biometrics and Medical Examinations In some cases, you may need to schedule biometrics (fingerprinting and photo) and medical examinations. Follow the instructions provided by the Canadian authorities and complete these appointments in a timely manner. Submitting the Visa Application Once you have completed all the necessary steps, submit your visa application online or through a visa application center. Make sure to keep copies of all the documents you submit for your own records. Waiting for a Decision After submitting your visa application, there will be a waiting period until a decision is made. The processing time varies, so it’s important to be patient during this period. You can check the status of your application online or by contacting the appropriate authorities. Preparing for Arrival in Canada Once your Canada student visa is approved, it’s time to prepare for your arrival in Canada. This includes booking your flight, arranging accommodation, familiarizing yourself with the Canadian culture, and understanding the rules and regulations of your institution and the country. Conclusion Applying for a Canada student visa may seem overwhelming at first, but with proper preparation and understanding of the process, it can be a smooth journey. By following the guidelines outlined here, you will be well-equipped to apply for a Canada student visa confidently and embark on an exciting educational adventure in Canada. FAQs
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2023.05.30 09:39 anotheranonymousrdtr urgent - Residence permit renewal
Hey everyone,
I urgently need your help and advice regarding my residency renewal application in Munich. I submitted my application online earlier in April, and received an automatic email stating it would take 2-8 weeks for processing. It's been 8 weeks now, and I haven't received any updates or an appointment.
My residency permit is expiring next week, and I'm feeling frustrated and worried. I've tried emailing and filling out the contact form for an emergency appointment, but no luck. I even went to the Ausländerbehörde office, waited for hours, but they didn't even let me in.
If anyone has been through a similar situation or has any tips on how to speed up the process, please let me know. I'm running out of time, and I don't want any issues with my legal status.
Thanks a lot for your help!
submitted by anotheranonymousrdtr to Munich [link] [comments]
I urgently need your help and advice regarding my residency renewal application in Munich. I submitted my application online earlier in April, and received an automatic email stating it would take 2-8 weeks for processing. It's been 8 weeks now, and I haven't received any updates or an appointment.
My residency permit is expiring next week, and I'm feeling frustrated and worried. I've tried emailing and filling out the contact form for an emergency appointment, but no luck. I even went to the Ausländerbehörde office, waited for hours, but they didn't even let me in.
If anyone has been through a similar situation or has any tips on how to speed up the process, please let me know. I'm running out of time, and I don't want any issues with my legal status.
Thanks a lot for your help!
2023.05.30 08:48 Aathranax Responding to Messianicphobia Part 1 "Maimonides and Jewish Apostates"
so a while ago the Messianicphobic crowd decided to create a sub in an effort to address things that we supposedly claim (which is funny because a huge majority of things I've seen from it are things that have never even left my mouth EVER) this is my first of X posts that ill be doing addressing this total lunacy.
The first one being on Maimonides and Apostates Jews.
before I even begin to address the post in question its important to note that Maimonides was not a member of Chazal, he wasn't a member of the Great Court and thus did not have authentic Semikhah going back to Mount Sinai as such, what he says is fundamentally his opinion. An opinion some readers my agree with sure, but an opinion all the same. Ergo NOT AUTHORTATIVE. so with out of the way let us begin
Furthermore Maimonides viewed normative Christianity as idolatry and for good reason, Many Christians in his time were unironically worshiping the Cross itself and used the image Rabbi Yeshua as God. Now I cannot speak for everyone here, I can only speak as a member of UMJC / MJRC standards that you'd be hard press to find anyone in my particular party doing anything Maimonides would recognize as being part of the idolatry problems within normative Christianity. Which further complicates the suggestion that the original poster somehow knows what Maimonides would think about the state of todays world.
From Sefaria.org
Thats it for this poorly thought out excuse of a take down, if you enjoyed this leave a comment below, if you disagree tell me why and if this is popular enough. Ill be doing another one of these.
submitted by Aathranax to messianic [link] [comments]
The first one being on Maimonides and Apostates Jews.
before I even begin to address the post in question its important to note that Maimonides was not a member of Chazal, he wasn't a member of the Great Court and thus did not have authentic Semikhah going back to Mount Sinai as such, what he says is fundamentally his opinion. An opinion some readers my agree with sure, but an opinion all the same. Ergo NOT AUTHORTATIVE. so with out of the way let us begin
"A Jew who serves false gods is considered like a gentile in all regards and is not comparable to a Jew who violated another transgression punishable by being stoned to death. An apostate who worships false gods is considered to be an apostate with regard to the entire Torah."The post starts with this quote from the Mishnah Torah. the linch pin here in the wording of "false gods" I'm willing to concede that Maimonides would have likly seen normative Christianity as such however Messianic Judaism IS NOT normative Christianity and only someone unfamiliar with our community would be foolish enough to think otherwise. Messianic Judaism is not any form of Christianity that Maimonides would have even recognized as it didn't exist in his time. So to even add on to Maimonides words and to enter his mind and in essence make up conclusions no one could ever truly know is far beyond the pale of reason.
Mishneh Torah, Avodat Kochavim 2:5"
Furthermore Maimonides viewed normative Christianity as idolatry and for good reason, Many Christians in his time were unironically worshiping the Cross itself and used the image Rabbi Yeshua as God. Now I cannot speak for everyone here, I can only speak as a member of UMJC / MJRC standards that you'd be hard press to find anyone in my particular party doing anything Maimonides would recognize as being part of the idolatry problems within normative Christianity. Which further complicates the suggestion that the original poster somehow knows what Maimonides would think about the state of todays world.
The Talmud clearly labels Christianity avodah zarah (idolatry) in the tractate Avodah Zarah 7b. Messianics are Christians and therefore idolaters.This is not how identity works, you can think we're Christians and certainly via some definitions that would be true to some capacity but what does Avodah Zarah 7b actually say?
From Sefaria.org
מתני׳ רבי ישמעאל אומר שלשה לפניהם ושלשה לאחריהם אסור וחכ"א לפני אידיהן אסור לאחר אידיהן מותר MISHNA: Rabbi Yishmael says: On the three days before the festivals of gentiles and on the three days after them, it is prohibited to engage in business with those gentiles. And the Rabbis say: It is prohibited to engage in business with them before their festivals, but it is permitted to engage in business with them after their festivals. גמ׳ אמר רב תחליפא בר אבדימי אמר שמואל יום א' לדברי ר' ישמעאל לעולם אסור: GEMARA: Rav Taḥlifa bar Avdimi says that Shmuel says: With regard to a Christian, according to the statement of Rabbi Yishmael it is always prohibited for a Jew to engage in business with him. Since his festival takes place every Sunday and the three days before and after Sunday constitute the entire week, one cannot engage in business with a Christian on any day of the week.This section of the Talmud seems to conflate the notion of being Christian as having festivals (day of worship) on Sunday, Messianics have it on Saturday like any other normative Jew. this may seem like pilpul but it is a total issue on definitions. the Rabbi's who wrote this should have had a time machine I guess as far as they're concerned on this particular section the conditions are LITERALLY not met, but wait there's MORE! The more eagle eyed might have caught on that this is on section on the prohibition of BUSSNESS. the actual status as idol worship doesn't actually appear here. Why the original poster failed to double check this is beyond me. Perhaps he skipped that day at Yeshiva? Indeed that issue in reality comes from that of The Trinity which some Messiaincs COMPLETELY REJECT you'd think for someone who hates us this much that they would bother to do their homework and work out if this is even applicable?! Furthermore there are respected Rabbis who do not agree with this view at all The Meiri in his commentary on Avodah Zarah 2b and 6b states that Christanity IS NOT idol worship. I guess The Meiri must have been some manic closeted Messianic?
As idolaters, even those Messianics from a Jewish background have effectively removed themselves from Am Yisrael. According to Judaism, Messianics are unequivocally not Jews.A Jew is a Jew is a Jew, hence the rest of this statement need not be addressed.
Thats it for this poorly thought out excuse of a take down, if you enjoyed this leave a comment below, if you disagree tell me why and if this is popular enough. Ill be doing another one of these.
2023.05.30 08:44 Nashatal Training advice - Off leash needed
Hi all,
I need some training advice from the community. To the background: In my city you need an off leash permit to be allowed to let your dog off leash in parks. This is connected to an exam you have to take. I took some time with a trainer to check what out training status is and we are good to go in most disciplines but there is one thing in particularly we are struffling with. My dog is wandering off pretty "far". I personally dont mind too much because her heel and recall is solid, but the trainer (Who is the person allowed to judge the exam so is indeed knowing what she is talking about) said its not acceptable under the rules of the test. I need to train her to stay closer to me in general. Now I am struggling with an idea how to takle this. She knows she has to stay on the path but sometimes she is falling back or sniffing ahead and I dont know how to approach this. Any input is welcomed.
Thank you! :)
submitted by Nashatal to Dogtraining [link] [comments]
I need some training advice from the community. To the background: In my city you need an off leash permit to be allowed to let your dog off leash in parks. This is connected to an exam you have to take. I took some time with a trainer to check what out training status is and we are good to go in most disciplines but there is one thing in particularly we are struffling with. My dog is wandering off pretty "far". I personally dont mind too much because her heel and recall is solid, but the trainer (Who is the person allowed to judge the exam so is indeed knowing what she is talking about) said its not acceptable under the rules of the test. I need to train her to stay closer to me in general. Now I am struggling with an idea how to takle this. She knows she has to stay on the path but sometimes she is falling back or sniffing ahead and I dont know how to approach this. Any input is welcomed.
Thank you! :)
2023.05.30 07:20 peruvian_bull Edging Armageddon
 | This past weekend, we were subject to another close shave with Treasury default. Speaker Kevin McCarthy and the President's Administration were the newest contenders in a fight that is becoming all too common in our current fiscal landscape: the debt ceiling. submitted by peruvian_bull to Superstonk [link] [comments] https://preview.redd.it/5u69vhdykw2b1.png?width=1456&format=png&auto=webp&s=67bacde7955430f8c5a8ac874e5a24ef0b9a3175 The debt ceiling, also known as the statutory debt limit, is a legal cap on the amount of debt the United States government can accumulate to finance its spending obligations. It is set by Congress, and any increase requires their approval. Essentially, the debt ceiling acts as a self-imposed limit to control the government's borrowing capacity. The current form of the debt ceiling took shape with the passage of the Second Liberty Bond Act in 1917, during World War I. This act established limits on the total amount of government debt that could be outstanding at any given time. It marked a significant shift in Congress's approach, establishing a more fixed and permanent debt limit. Over the years, several pieces of legislation have shaped the debt ceiling's operation. The Public Debt Acts of 1939 and 1941 introduced the concept of a statutory debt limit, explicitly setting a dollar amount for government borrowing. The Graham-Rudman-Hollings Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985 attempted to link the debt ceiling with deficit reduction targets, imposing automatic spending cuts if those targets were not met. The primary objective of the debt ceiling is to ensure that the government does not overspend or accumulate an unsustainable amount of debt. It serves as a “mechanism” to encourage fiscal responsibility and maintain the credibility of the United States. However, this limit has long since lost any and all meaning. Per the Treasury’s own website- “Since 1960, Congress has acted 78 separate times to permanently raise, temporarily extend, or revise the definition of the debt limit – 49 times under Republican presidents and 29 times under Democratic presidents.” The ceiling has been raised by both parties, under virtually every President that has held the throne of power for the last 60 years. https://preview.redd.it/0px155czkw2b1.png?width=1200&format=png&auto=webp&s=0216ca83ef1be80de2fa2ee041ec2587ba8fc0db Once a tool of financial restraint, it has been morphed into a political hot-potato- a game of political chicken where the parties use the impending doom of default to push through last minute spending and political priorities. They’re using essentially nuclear brinkmanship to get things done. The irresponsibility and shortsightedness of this cannot be overstated- as a true Treasury default would be catastrophic for the global financial system. I laid out so much in a thread on Friday, which I will lay out the basics here for review: —------------------- —-- If the government hits the debt ceiling and Congress fails to raise it, the Treasury Department must resort to extraordinary measures to continue meeting its financial obligations. These measures include reallocating funds from various government accounts, suspending the issuance of certain types of debt, and implementing cash management techniques. However, these measures are temporary solutions and can only buy the government a limited amount of time before it runs out of funds. In the case of the United States, this would mean the government not being able to pay interest or principal on its Treasury bonds, bills, and notes held by investors. https://preview.redd.it/xjnuaz50lw2b1.png?width=1200&format=png&auto=webp&s=6fbe92cc35b29369dfa1aa28ce4868b09391eb9a The first and most immediate consequence of a U.S. debt default would be a loss of confidence in American financial stability. Treasury bonds have long been considered a safe haven investment, and a default would cause ripple effects in the many markets that use Treasuries as collateral- the repo markets, FX, swap, and money markets being just a few examples. https://preview.redd.it/yvdv1it0lw2b1.png?width=683&format=png&auto=webp&s=591e2b2394fb4806e1ac1d369e88142096631921 The value of the U.S. dollar would likely plummet as investors lose faith in its stability. This would lead to a decrease in the purchasing power of the currency, making imported goods more expensive and fueling inflation. The EM crises that hit Thailand, Argentina and others would now come to roost in the States. This is a serious problem because unlike other countries, the US does not have sufficient foreign exchange reserves as it is the world reserve currency. Other countries have trillions of dollars in the vaults. We have $38B. https://preview.redd.it/4yvb5gp1lw2b1.png?width=1200&format=png&auto=webp&s=e3ee14e088f92866205a33c83245a614286f6999 Interest rates would spike as investors demand higher returns to compensate for the increased risk associated with U.S. debt. This would affect borrowing costs for businesses and consumers, making it more expensive to obtain credit for investments, mortgages, and other loans. This is occurring at record Federal debt levels- further pushing the US into a debt spiral. https://preview.redd.it/f96c01q2lw2b1.png?width=525&format=png&auto=webp&s=116eba7dd28e4c90eee9789a1985f3ceff8eebb2 Financial markets would experience significant turmoil. Stock markets could plummet as investor confidence wavers, leading to widespread panic selling. Pension funds, mutual funds, and other investment vehicles heavily exposed to U.S. government debt would suffer substantial losses, similar to how the UK's pensions blew up as their leveraged UK bond positions were all liquidated- https://www.cnbc.com/2022/09/29/pension-fund-panic-led-to-bank-of-englands-emergency-intervention.html The U.S. government would face challenges in raising funds to finance its operations. Without access to borrowing through Treasury securities, the government would need to rely solely on tax revenues and other limited sources of income. This could result in significant cuts to government programs and services- and government spending is a component of GDP. We would see a collapse of GDP of several percent in just a month or two- reminiscent of the COVID shutdowns. https://preview.redd.it/jnxrs0n3lw2b1.png?width=668&format=png&auto=webp&s=1456d4632a16c95a89cd6b45b579fbe9ccfbd592 The global economy is intricately interconnected, and a default would disrupt markets worldwide, triggering a global financial crisis similar to the impact of the Lehman Brothers collapse in 2008. Recall there is over $7T of Treasuries held by foreigners globally- if the US defaults, and it is not remedied immediately, then theoretically these sovereigns could begin dumping their huge Treasury debt positions on the market. Credit rating agencies would likely downgrade the United States' sovereign debt rating. This would further increase borrowing costs, making it even harder for the government and businesses to raise capital. In fact, this is already beginning to happen- https://www.cnn.com/2023/05/24/business/fitch-places-us-on-rating-watch-negative/index.html The consequences of a U.S. debt default would also have long-lasting effects on the country's reputation as a reliable borrower. It could take years, if not decades, to rebuild trust among investors and regain the status of a safe haven for global capital. —----------- Default is an unacceptable outcome, and barring an increase in the limit, the Treasury would resort to austerity measures to ensure coupon payments continue to flow out- however with deficit spending still raging, this means severe cuts to many government programs. Social Security, pensions, and veteran’s benefits would be first on the chopping block- but many more would follow in time. Thus our worst case scenario of a “technical” default would be averted- but at what cost? Recall Treasury would have to issue new bills to pay off maturing ones, a scheme I have described eerily reminiscent of a Ponzi scheme… And all of this at record high interest rates! The yield on the new bills would be 5.25%, pushing the Treasury deeper into a debt spiral in even the best case scenario. Their auction schedule for the next few weeks can be seen below: https://preview.redd.it/c1au2or4lw2b1.png?width=1332&format=png&auto=webp&s=d016a46c631dab5b5052542627327867581ca689 However, we can all breathe a giant sigh of relief. A new debt limit deal was reached Saturday afternoon, and unsurprisingly to those of us who follow this monetary mayhem, it promises to do nothing but make the situation worse. Congress still has to pass this deal, of course. Here are the key aspects of the deal, provided by the NYT:
Although Republicans had initially called for 10 years of spending caps, this legislation includes just 2 years of caps and then switches to spending targets that are not bound by law — essentially, just suggestions. https://preview.redd.it/92i75p06lw2b1.png?width=603&format=png&auto=webp&s=85c29dc282dca7f6a7f5ad6b6155ac1e35b40f1a Essentially what this means, as one Twitter user pointed out, is a removal of the budgetary limits on most government spending programs. Historically how government agencies operate, is they are given a budget and allowed to spend an amount, up to a cap, for a fiscal year. If they run close to that limit, the next year they are given the same limit, and usually plus a few extra percent, to achieve their priorities through that next calendar year. After 2025, there will be no limits- the agencies will spend HOWEVER much they deem they need. They’ll worry about the bill later. This is the stuff of banana republics… Can you smell that? Time to get your printer ready, Jerome. -------------------------------------------------- Thanks for reading! You can follow me on Twitter here: https://twitter.com/peruvian_bull If you want a different format, this same post can be viewed on substack here: https://peruvianbull.substack.com/p/edging-armageddon A compilation of my FREE DD content is available on my website if you search "The Dollar Endgame" (no direct links due to sub rules). I also have my DD listed on Medium for free. Nothing on this Post constitutes investment advice, performance data or any recommendation that any security, portfolio of securities, investment product, transaction or investment strategy is suitable for any specific person. |
2023.05.30 03:25 method_plan When exactly is travel restricted during PR confirmation
Hi there,
I received an email from the IRCC with the subject line "IRCC - Permanent Residence Portal (PR Confirmation)". It includes a document asking me to reply to the email with things like my UCI, email, etc. and in return I'll get login access to the PR confirmation portal.
The doc in the email says "Please provide the requested information within 7 calendar days to ensure there are no undue delays"
My instinct is to respond with the info right away, but one hiccup is that I need to travel to the US from June 4th to June 18th. I've heard that at some point during the PR confirmation process, my work permit status is voided and I need to remain in Canada to receive my PR card (or travel via land border with eCOPR).
When exactly would my work permit be voided? As soon as I respond to this email and get a invite link to the PR portal, or later in the process?
Considering my trip to the US from June 4th - 18th, would it be safer to respond to this email right away, or try to contact the IRCC to see if I can get an extension to reply to the email once I get back?
submitted by method_plan to ImmigrationCanada [link] [comments]
I received an email from the IRCC with the subject line "IRCC - Permanent Residence Portal (PR Confirmation)". It includes a document asking me to reply to the email with things like my UCI, email, etc. and in return I'll get login access to the PR confirmation portal.
The doc in the email says "Please provide the requested information within 7 calendar days to ensure there are no undue delays"
My instinct is to respond with the info right away, but one hiccup is that I need to travel to the US from June 4th to June 18th. I've heard that at some point during the PR confirmation process, my work permit status is voided and I need to remain in Canada to receive my PR card (or travel via land border with eCOPR).
When exactly would my work permit be voided? As soon as I respond to this email and get a invite link to the PR portal, or later in the process?
Considering my trip to the US from June 4th - 18th, would it be safer to respond to this email right away, or try to contact the IRCC to see if I can get an extension to reply to the email once I get back?
2023.05.30 03:13 DisillusionedBook Needed commonsense (IMO) UI improvements and QOL -- megapost
 | Some POI, geological features and their shot-off materials, containers, etc., are only able to be selected / interacted with from an SRV to learn what they are, they should also be selectable in the same way on foot and reveal the same information in the on foot HUD. submitted by DisillusionedBook to EliteDangerous [link] [comments] https://preview.redd.it/yi5pzds08v2b1.png?width=697&format=png&auto=webp&s=d673dd71c46d530cf31b4f801bcaf45c9a52677a Similarly, every item scanned or indicated on the SRV HUD (e.g. materials, locations, data points etc) should be auto relayed to the on foot HUD if you disembark (and also scannable on foot), AND VICE VERSA (e.g. previously hand-scanned biologicals distances, NPCs/contacts etc., should be still listed in the SRV HUD when you board). Materials with no way to see what they are... Is this worth collecting with the SRV? I have no idea. After DSS scanning, you can cycle through the names of different biological types discovered, but then when you are on the surface you only see everything listed as Unidentified Organic (before you have hand-scanned things). The basic (orange text) biological types information shown from orbit should be listed in the system map view accessed on the surface, it would then be populated with the additional specifics (i.e. with the white text and images below) after scanning. This example of the system map opened while on the surface shows one or more "unidentified" despite the fact it was identified as Concha or whatever in the DSS scan from orbit, here only the two hand-scanned items give the full details with images and the rest are "Unidentified" not even the name identified from the DSS scan. https://preview.redd.it/hgqn5upk8v2b1.png?width=762&format=png&auto=webp&s=ff24a7d23d1021da6687cf11f41d188fda16fc01 When Srv or Ship is scooping up materials, the targeting reticle should not be obscured by an annoying message for 5 seconds when trying to scoop up the next thing. This is true of other UI areas too, e.g. failed FSS tuning, do not block the view of actually doing the thing again. Just put a message above and below the targeting area. SHIP AND SRV MENU REORGANISATIONThese menus need reorganising and rationalising now that we have additional materials to collect, and two separate confusingly similar concepts for inventory and storage -- one term meaning ship cargo, and the other for the personal materials and consumables storage that never gets destroyed.Change the "Inventory" Tab to "Cargo"Inventorya complete list of items such as property, goods in stock, or the contents of a building. Vs Cargo goods carried on a ship, aircraft, or motor vehicle. "transportation of bulk cargo" The above dictionary definitions are one rationale for renaming the Inventory tab to Cargo (in fact the heading "Ship Cargo" is already displayed in the current Inventory tab). Synthesis options should also not be in the cargo tab, it should be under the Ship/Srv menu where it makes more sense, this is something you DO to your ship/srv using stored materials (and as mentioned earlier, suits should also have the ability to synthesise temporary buffs as discussed). And about those permanently stored ship/srv-collected materials and data (those items that are not lost on ship/srv destruction), move them out of the new named Cargo tab and into the Storage tab instead, where the other similar on foot collected "permanent" materials are stored. So, these changes to the new Cargo tab would then only show the purchased cargo space-consuming commodities, mined commodities, refinery hopper contents (when installed), and passenger manifests (when outfitted for carrying). Things that are taking up physical space. https://preview.redd.it/066l6ycv8v2b1.png?width=678&format=png&auto=webp&s=c98a88b3160a13b02477b281d31963004ad383eb Expand Storage Tab ContentsAs mentioned in the previous point, move the non-destroyable items (previously in the Inventory tab) to here. NB. Depending on the type of materials selected in this list, the Transfer (i.e. to suit) button will be unavailable.Synthesis Move to Ship / Srv TabsIt really makes much more sense for the synthesis options for your ship (or Srv) to be in this tab, as it is something you are doing to your ship/srv. It should not be buried under Inventory for some reason (and as mentioned earlier suits should also have the ability to synthesise temporary buffs as discussed)https://preview.redd.it/ymuh71t19v2b1.png?width=654&format=png&auto=webp&s=b16709778f668c04a2c8c87ee8e1e27df3991760 Filtered Synthesis OptionsIn addition, make the Synthesis tab only show the synthesis options that are currently relevant to the current ship/srv/suitIn the heat of battle or emergency the last thing you want to do is have to frantically scroll through a bunch of items that are not relevant to the modules you have or the ship/srv/suit you are in. Bookmark ColoursBookmarks should be able to assign colours to them, e.g. players might decide good mining locations could be blue, interesting planets green, things to investigate as red, most distant visited locations in yellow, fave trade routes to/from in blue etc. Currently every bookmark icon is the same zero-context uniform orange. Icons could be similar to the following mock up…https://preview.redd.it/kd6riucj9v2b1.png?width=424&format=png&auto=webp&s=16888f13de1123539ba58be41bd14e0353d6d8b5 Other Ideas
Enable SRVs deployment via ship boarding menuEnable the SRVs to be deployable via the on foot ship boarding menu (similar to the recently added inventory management menu option). You shouldn't have to go through the whole rigmarole of boarding your ship just in order to deploy the SRV (and would be awesome to see the deployment while on foot - again just a simple thing leveraging existing content).Menu idea shown in the following mockup https://preview.redd.it/71nveybw9v2b1.png?width=533&format=png&auto=webp&s=ca7e805ae723c83ff9be3d043c7f4c16deab1d05 SRVs to be deployable when in a low stationary hoverAlso enable SRVs to be deployable when in a low stationary hover, for those times you cannot quite land your ship easily on tricky terrain. Noting that sometimes when recalling your ship it might not be able to land and hovers above you where you CAN dock your SRV, why not also deploy from a similar height? It would be cool to literally drop the SRV just a few metres to the surface when you cannot find a landing spot and would require no real additional development from what is clearly already there.https://preview.redd.it/m8t1o5cy9v2b1.png?width=582&format=png&auto=webp&s=66ad357e0593fd39aec754284401aedd6e14f553 Surface Loot Show galactic averages in HUDsShow galactic averages on Ship and SRV HUDs for the selected item as shown in the mockup (and enable suit HUDs to show this too). This enables quick decisions on whether to collect something. Currently you have to collect it, then look at its value when its in the Inventory tab, and then often dump it to collect something more valuable.https://preview.redd.it/s95qu9z1av2b1.png?width=631&format=png&auto=webp&s=388fe0452ddbc0853044afe06d854e9aafce1705 Carrier BartendeCargo Trading UI and UX
The numbers highlighted here are the wrong way around, the number 160 shown below is actually the number of types being sold, and vice versa. And the chart does not work at all, it is always a flat line... Instead the actual bar sales are amalgamated in the separate carrier commodity trading trend chart. https://preview.redd.it/ptlazsk6av2b1.png?width=567&format=png&auto=webp&s=9bf7e39b422e868dea582c27db53545363ad1f78 When setting a commodity or bar-traded item as for sale or purchase on a carrier, use those same diamond and triangle marker icons available wherever those items are seen in other places, e.g at a station's bar or commodities menu and when on foot looting via the HUD ui, so you can see at a glance those things that you have a vested interest in. It would effectively make items stand out as if on a "shopping list". Also, for players who do not own a carrier, some kind of similar shopping list system would be helpful (e.g. for marking needed engineering requirements). https://preview.redd.it/vnj2j20cav2b1.png?width=551&format=png&auto=webp&s=ff2d8a865b3622de83c8ac33c3119bc002e0c5b8 All the Filters screens are unintuitive, with every filter option selected by default, if you only wanted one or two filters applied, you have to deselect them all either by clicking them individually or by clicking clear filters button and then reselecting the ones you want. That is a backwards way to do it. Instead there should be an ALL (or "NO FILTERS") item selected by default (similar to my mockup below) and individual filters not selected by default, then you can simply select individual filters, which would automatically deselect the ALL item, and the list would filter how you want. https://preview.redd.it/rh1vzv8kav2b1.png?width=722&format=png&auto=webp&s=aabeaf2c7149d7e2baa5fe0b517c9446eb8a5122 Do a plain language sweep of UI elements
Mission Completed IndicatorsMake it obvious which missions have been completed, currently the UI for the Transactions tab has no indications. A "completed" icon or a different colour in the list is needed.Similarly the galaxy map needs this indication too, it would enable quick plotting to the next unfinished mission, or back to the originating port to hand in. https://preview.redd.it/v0iwqv6oav2b1.png?width=748&format=png&auto=webp&s=1e6848264c98d7a09cba2e214d6d76924674f8af
Head Tracking BugThe HUD and targeting reticle is all over the place, head tracking such as Tobii 5, IR tracker and EDTracker works brilliantly for SRV and ship immersion. On-foot though the targeting and selection is borked. For example when you turn your head left, the HUD selected/target reticle moves to the right by the wrong amount, about 1:1.5 ratio or something. It would seem to just be an assigned variable value error.Notice the HUD ammo indicator, target reticle and firing are odd when looking around with head tracking on. In combat, scanning or panel cutting, head tracking is best turned off. 😒 With my head turned right, HUD elements move too far to left and notice target reticle vs shot: https://preview.redd.it/o4enq4a9bv2b1.png?width=797&format=png&auto=webp&s=a70eaa5ffeeee4af0123495fb8d991f681c90a1b |
2023.05.30 03:11 InvestigatorOk2933 Am I allowed to change jobs while waiting a decision on my PR application?
Hello everyone, let me provide you with some context first. I landed in Canada in December 2020 as a temporary worker with employer-specific work permit (noc B) and LMIA. I was lucky to get ITA for PR when IRCC resumed draws. I applied through CEC (+PR support). Which essentailly means that not only I have the experience, but my initial employer is willing to support me to get PR. When I submitted my PR application, I also had to extend my status in Canada. Here comes the tricky part. Usually people do that with bridging open work permit, but due to war in Ukraine I did it with CUAET open work permit. It's been more than 7 months without updates on my PR application, but I would like to move on in my career. I am kind of doubting myself on this. On one side I have OWP and I would like to take advantage of my right to choose the employer I work for, but on the other side my PR application is still in progress and the last thing I want is to ruin my case by changing jobs. Any information would be helpful.
submitted by InvestigatorOk2933 to ImmigrationCanada [link] [comments]